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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
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Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
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Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

53
Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
53
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

72
Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

133
Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

159
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Application of Straight-needle, Three-tailed, Knot-free, Peritoneal Sutures in Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Hernia Repair
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Perforated appendicitis within a spigelian hernia.

Sarah Kate Whitehouse1, Sara Izwan2, Maseelan Naidoo2

  • 1General Surgery, Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns, Queensland, Australia sarah.whitehouse5@health.qld.gov.au.

BMJ Case Reports
|August 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A case study details a spigelian hernia in a nonagenarian woman presenting with acute abdominal pain. Surgical repair was performed, highlighting a rare presentation of this abdominal wall defect.

Keywords:
General surgerySurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Case Reports
  • Abdominal Wall Surgery

Background:

  • Spigelian hernias are rare abdominal wall defects, often diagnosed late.
  • Presentation with acute pain and bowel compromise is uncommon, particularly in the elderly.

Observation:

  • A nonagenarian woman presented with acute right spigelian hernia pain, fever, and hypotension.
  • CT imaging revealed incarcerated small and large bowel with significant fat stranding within the hernia.

Findings:

  • The patient underwent open appendicectomy and suture repair of the spigelian hernia.
  • Literature review indicates suture repair is predominant, with mixed open and laparoscopic approaches.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering spigelian hernias in elderly patients with acute abdominal symptoms.
  • Timely surgical intervention is crucial for managing incarcerated spigelian hernias to prevent complications.