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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR Chemical Shift Equivalence: Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic Protons00:58

¹H NMR Chemical Shift Equivalence: Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic Protons

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Replacing each alpha-hydrogen in chloroethane by bromine (or a different functional group) yields a pair of enantiomers. Such protons are called prochiral or enantiotopic and are related by a mirror plane. Enantiotopic protons are chemically equivalent in an achiral environment. Because most proton NMR spectra are recorded using achiral solvents, enantiotopic hydrogens yield a single signal.
In chiral compounds such as 2-butanol, replacing the methylene hydrogens at C3 produces a pair of...
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
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¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

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At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
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¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

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When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
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Direct Chiral Discrimination with NMR.

Sagar Wadhwa1,2, Dominique Buyens2, Jan G Korvink2

  • 1Voxalytic GmbH, Rosengarten 3, 76228, Karlsruhe, Germany.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can now distinguish enantiomers. A novel radiofrequency (RF) NMR detector exploits electric and magnetic dipole interactions to differentiate chiral molecules in liquid states.

Keywords:
NMRchiralitydrug discoveryenantiomeric excess

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Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy traditionally cannot differentiate enantiomers.
  • Enantiomers possess distinct spatial arrangements, leading to variations in their interaction with electromagnetic fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for distinguishing enantiomers using NMR spectroscopy.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional NMR in chiral analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a new double-resonant radiofrequency (RF) NMR detector sensitive to both electric and magnetic dipoles.
  • Exploitation of the space-dependent, odd-parity coupling tensor derived by A.D. Buckingham.
  • Application of the detector in a new liquid-state NMR method.

Main Results:

  • Successful discrimination of two enantiomers using the developed NMR method and detector.
  • Demonstration of the detector's sensitivity to the unique properties of enantiomers.

Conclusions:

  • The new NMR method and detector effectively distinguish enantiomers in liquid states.
  • This advancement offers a new tool for chiral analysis in chemistry and related fields.