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Squeezing Out Nanoparticles from Perovskites: Controlling Exsolution with Pressure.

Andrés López-García1, Sonia Remiro-Buenamañana1, Dragos Neagu2

  • 1Instituto de Tecnología Química (Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), València, 46022, Spain.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|August 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

High pressure hydrogen gas enables precise control over the exsolution of metallic nanoparticles from oxides. This method allows tuning nanoparticle size, composition, and lowers exsolution temperature for advanced catalytic materials.

Keywords:
double perovskitesexsolutionmetallic nanoparticlespressureternary alloys

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Nanoparticle exsolution is a key method for creating functionalized oxides with metallic nanoparticles.
  • Exsolution properties are typically tuned by temperature, time, and reducing gas atmosphere.
  • Control over nanoparticle composition and morphology remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of high hydrogen pressure on the exsolution of ternary FeCoNi alloyed nanoparticles from a double perovskite.
  • To demonstrate pressure as a novel parameter for controlling nanoparticle characteristics.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of pressure-induced exsolution.

Main Methods:

  • High-pressure thermal reduction (<100 bar H2) of a double perovskite material.
  • Analysis of exsolved nanoparticle characteristics (size, population, composition) using advanced techniques.
  • Thermodynamic and kinetic analysis to understand pressure effects.

Main Results:

  • High H2 pressure enables control over the composition and size of exsolved FeCoNi alloyed nanoparticles.
  • A reversal in thermodynamic trends was observed at 10 and 50 bar, with Fe becoming dominant.
  • Exsolution temperature was significantly lowered to 300°C, yielding highly dispersed, small nanoparticles.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogen pressure is a powerful new tool for designing and controlling nanoparticle exsolution.
  • Pressure-tuned exsolution offers a pathway to novel nanocatalysts and surface-functionalized materials.
  • Competing pressure-dependent mechanisms govern the exsolution process, as indicated by a volcano-like trend.