The comparison of 2D and 3D systems in total laparoscopic hysterectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

To evaluate the existing evidence regarding the comparison between 2 and 3D systems in Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (TLH) in terms of surgical outcomes.

A systematic review of electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science, was conducted to identify relevant studies comparing 2D and 3D systems in TLH. The search employed a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords related to the topic. Studies meeting predefined criteria were included, while case reports and studies not directly comparing 2D and 3D systems were excluded. Two independent reviewers evaluated study eligibility and performed quality assessment. The quantitative synthesis was conducted using meta-analysis techniques.

A statistically significant longer operation time in the 2D group compared to the 3D group (7 studies, mean difference [MD]: 13.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.35-18.00, I² = 16%). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of vaginal cuff closure time (2 studies, MD: 3.22, CI - 6.58-13.02, I² = 96%), complication rate (7 studies, odds ratio [OD]: 1.74, CI 0.70-4.30, I² = 0%), blood loss (3 studies, MD: 2.92, CI - 15.44-21.28, I² = 0%), and Hb drop (3 studies, MD: 0.17, CI - 0.08-0.42, I² = 1%).

Our results revealed a significant difference favoring 3D systems in operation time, while clinical outcomes between the two systems were found to be comparable in TLH. However, further research, particularly prospective studies with larger cohorts and longer-term follow-up, along with economic analyses, is needed to provide clinicians and healthcare decision-makers with essential guidance for practice and resource allocation.