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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
316
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Arteries of the Lower Limbs01:24

Arteries of the Lower Limbs

181
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Updated: Jun 15, 2025

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
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Status epilepticus in tuberculous meningitis.

Jayantee Kalita1, Firoz M Nizami1, Rabindra Kumar1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India.

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B
|August 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Status epilepticus (SE) in tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is uncommon, with 6.9% of patients experiencing it. Many cases are refractory or super-refractory, leading to poor outcomes and high mortality.

Keywords:
Refractory status epilepticusStatus epilepticusSuper refractory status epilepticusTuberculous meningitis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe infection with limited data on associated status epilepticus (SE).
  • Understanding SE in TBM is crucial for improving patient management and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the semiology, treatment response, and outcomes of status epilepticus (SE) in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 143 TBM patients admitted between August 2015 and March 2023.
  • Detailed recording of clinical, cerebrospinal fluid, MRI, and electroencephalography findings.
  • Classification of SE type, onset, antiseizure medication (ASM) requirements, and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 10 patients (6.9%) developed SE, with ages ranging from 12 to 45 years.
  • MRI revealed various complications including exudates, hydrocephalus, infarctions, and tuberculoma.
  • 40% of patients died, and only 20% had a good recovery at 6 months, with refractory and super-refractory SE contributing to poor outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Status epilepticus in TBM is an infrequent but serious complication.
  • Refractory and super-refractory SE are common in TBM patients, associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Improved management strategies are needed for SE in TBM to improve patient prognosis.