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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

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Listen to your heart: Trade-off between cardiac interoceptive processing and visual exteroceptive processing.

Qiaoyue Ren1, Amanda C Marshall1, Junhui Liu1

  • 1Department of Psychology, General and Experimental Psychology Unit, LMU Munich, Leopoldstr. 13, Munich 80802, Germany.

Neuroimage
|August 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Your brain spontaneously shifts attention between internal bodily signals, like heartbeats, and external visual information. This competition affects how you perceive the world, trading off processing resources between the two.

Keywords:
Cardiac diastoleCardiac signalsCardiac systoleEEGHeartbeat-evoked potentialSteady-state visual evoked potential

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Internal bodily signals (interoception) and external sensory information (exteroception) compete for limited neural resources.
  • Spontaneous attention shifts between interoception and exteroception are hypothesized but lack direct neural evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the dynamic interplay between cardiac signals and visual perception.
  • To provide direct evidence for spontaneous attentional reallocation between internal and external processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) frequency tagging to measure neural processing of visual stimuli.
  • Presented visual stimuli concurrently with varying degrees of heartbeat coupling (systole, diastole, non-coupled).
  • Measured heartbeat evoked potential (HEP) and N2 component amplitudes in response to visual stimuli and cardiac events.

Main Results:

  • Visual stimuli coupled with systole showed decreased SSVEPs; stimuli coupled with diastole showed increased SSVEPs, indicating altered visual processing based on cardiac phase.
  • Increased HEP amplitude (stronger cardiac-related signals) correlated with decreased N2 component amplitude (reduced external processing).
  • Demonstrated a trade-off in neural resources, with greater allocation to internal (cardiac) signals at the expense of external (visual) processing.

Conclusions:

  • Neural processing of external visual stimuli is dynamically modulated by internal cardiac signals.
  • Findings support a model of spontaneous competition and reallocation of limited brain resources between interoception and exteroception.
  • Highlights the immediate and ongoing trade-off between attending to the body's internal state and external sensory environment.