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Radiation-Induced Cognitive Decline: Challenges and Solutions.

Parisa Shamsesfandabadi1, Arpeet Patel2, Yun Liang1

  • 1Radiation Oncology department, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Cancer Management and Research
|August 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiation therapy for brain cancers can cause cognitive decline (RICD) due to brain damage. Solutions include neuroprotection, cognitive rehabilitation, advanced imaging, and personalized medicine to support survivors.

Keywords:
RICDcentral nervous system cancerscognitive declinecognitive functionradiation therapyradiation-induced cognitive decline

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Radiation therapy for central nervous system cancers can lead to radiation-induced cognitive decline (RICD).
  • RICD involves impaired memory and attention, stemming from white matter damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
  • The condition's complexity arises from diverse injury mechanisms and confounding factors like age and comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms and challenges of radiation-induced cognitive decline (RICD).
  • To review current and emerging strategies for mitigating and managing RICD.
  • To emphasize the importance of addressing cognitive function in cancer survivorship.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mechanisms of RICD.
  • Analysis of neuroprotective agents and cognitive rehabilitation techniques.
  • Evaluation of advanced imaging (MRI) and therapeutic modalities (proton therapy).

Main Results:

  • RICD is multifactorial, involving neurogenesis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular effects.
  • Neuroprotective agents, cognitive rehabilitation, advanced imaging, and proton therapy show promise.
  • Personalized medicine and regenerative therapies offer future treatment avenues.

Conclusions:

  • Managing RICD requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating various therapeutic strategies.
  • Personalized medicine and emerging therapies like stem cell treatments hold significant potential for RICD.
  • Addressing cognitive decline is crucial for improving the quality of life for cancer survivors.