Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 15, 2025
04:59
Heat-sensitive Moxibustion as a Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Combined with Insomnia
Published on: May 30, 2025
157
Long-Term Safety of Roflumilast in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, a Multinational Observational
Edeltraut Garbe1, Fabian Hoti2, Tania Schink1
1Department Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
|August 26, 2024
Summary
Roflumilast use in COPD patients showed no increased mortality risk in Sweden or Norway. A slight increase was seen in Germany and the US, possibly due to confounding factors.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Pharmacovigilance
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic bronchitis necessitate long-term treatment strategies.
- Roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor used in managing COPD.
- Understanding the long-term safety profile of roflumilast, particularly regarding mortality, is crucial for clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term safety of roflumilast in patients with COPD or chronic bronchitis.
- To assess the association between roflumilast use and 5-year all-cause mortality across different countries.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study using electronic healthcare databases from Germany, Norway, Sweden, and the US.
- Inclusion of patients aged ≥40 years, with matched cohorts of roflumilast-exposed and unexposed individuals.
- Propensity score matching considered demographics, COPD severity, and comorbidities. Cox regression models analyzed 5-year all-cause mortality.
Main Results:
- 112,541 unexposed and 23,239 exposed patients were analyzed.
- In Germany and the US, 'ever use' of roflumilast was associated with a small increase in 5-year mortality risk (HRs > 1).
- Conversely, 'current use' of roflumilast showed a decreased 5-year mortality risk in Germany, Norway, and Sweden (HRs < 1).
Conclusions:
- No increased 5-year mortality risk was observed with roflumilast use in Sweden or Norway.
- A slight increase in mortality risk for 'ever use' in Germany and the US may be attributed to residual confounding by indication.
- Current roflumilast use was associated with reduced mortality in Germany, Norway, and Sweden, warranting further investigation.
Related Concept Videos
01:26COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids
190
Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
190
01:22Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
1.2K
COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
1.2K
01:29Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management
2.5K
Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a multifaceted approach to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, improve overall health status, and slow disease progression. Key strategies include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, supportive therapies, and, in some cases, surgery. Here is an overview of the primary COPD management strategies:
Smoking Cessation
Smoking Cessation
2.5K
01:19Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers
259
Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
259
01:25Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
2.7K
Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
2.7K
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
2.7K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Inflammation
2.7K