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Psychosurgery

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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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In Reply: Global Neurosurgery: An Overview.

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Global Neurosurgery: A Path Forward Through Health System Strengthening.

Gail Rosseau1,2, Nathan A Shlobin3, Ronnie E Baticulon4

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington , District of Columbia , USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global neurosurgery requires a health system approach to address unmet needs sustainably. Strategies involve strengthening neurosurgical care, aligning with Universal Healthcare Coverage targets and proposing new indicators.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Neurosurgery
  • Health Systems Strengthening

Background:

  • Significant unmet neurosurgical needs exist globally.
  • A health system approach is crucial for sustainable and ethical change in global neurosurgery.
  • Existing frameworks like the World Health Organization's building blocks and UN Sustainable Development Goals provide context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review global building blocks for neurosurgical care.
  • To propose strategies for strengthening global neurosurgical care.
  • To discuss the role of neurosurgeons in achieving Universal Healthcare Coverage by 2030 and propose neurosurgical indicators aligned with global surgical indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Review of World Health Organization global building blocks.
  • Analysis of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals targets for Universal Healthcare Coverage.
  • Review of Lancet Commission on Global Surgery indicators and proposal of neurosurgical indicators.

Main Results:

  • The study framework highlights key areas for improving global neurosurgical care.
  • Proposed neurosurgical indicators align with existing global surgical metrics.
  • Collaboration and innovation in technology and education are identified as essential.

Conclusions:

  • Strengthening neurosurgical care globally necessitates a comprehensive health system approach.
  • Achieving sustainable change requires addressing the complexity of health systems and fostering diverse collaborations.
  • Innovative technology and education are vital components for overcoming global neurosurgical challenges.