Staining- and aging-dependent changes in color, translucency, and gloss of cloud-shade and one-shade resin composites

To compare staining and artificial accelerating aging-dependent changes in color, translucency, and gloss of cloud-shade and one-shade resin composite.

The "cloud-shade" composites were Filtek Easy Match Universal Restorative (FU) and SimpliShade (SS): three shades each (light, medium and dark), while the "one shade" composites were Admira Fusion x-tra (AD) and Venus Diamond One (VE). Polymerized composite specimens (10 mm in diameter, 2 mm-thick) were polished using PoGo disks for 40 seconds. Color, translucency, and gloss measurements were performed before and after exposure to 3.8-day staining in coffee or wine (equivalent to a year of service with a 15-minute exposure per day), or exposure to 150 kJ/m² of accelerated aging (n= 5 per condition x three conditions, for a total of 15 specimens per shade). Color and translucency were measured using a benchtop spectrophotometer, and CIEDE2000 color differences (ΔE₀₀) and translucency parameter (TP₀₀) were calculated. Gloss (gloss units, GU) was measured using a small-area gloss meter. Gloss retention percentages after staining and aging were calculated. A two-way ANOVA was used to compare the effect of material and procedure, while a Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison test was used to assess differences among levels within each variable (α= 0.05).

The AD exhibited the best color stability upon staining, while VE was the most stable when exposed to artificial aging. Statistically significant differences were recorded among materials and procedures (P< 0.001), and their interactions (P< 0.01). AD also exhibited the highest TP stability upon staining, while the TP of FU was the most stable when exposed to artificial aging. Statistically significant differences were recorded among materials and procedures (P< 0.001), and their interactions (P< 0.01). Gloss retention upon staining and aging was greater than 90% for all tested materials. Statistically significant differences were recorded among materials (P< 0.001), procedures (P< 0.05), and their interactions (P< 0.01).

Staining and artificial accelerated aging changes in color, translucency parameter, and gloss retention of cloud-shade and one-shade resin composites were material- and procedure-dependent.