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Concreting at elevated temperatures accelerates the hydration process, leading to quicker setting but potentially reducing the long-term strength of the concrete structure. Additionally, low air humidity fosters rapid moisture loss from the concrete, resulting in reduced workability, pronounced plastic shrinkage, and a higher likelihood of crazing.
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Correction: Bao et al. Overexpression of the <i>Pyrus sinkiangensis LEA4</i> Gene Enhances the Tolerance of <i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i> to the Low Temperature During Overwintering. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2026, <i>27</i>, 688.

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Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Measurement of Leaf Hydraulic Conductance and Stomatal Conductance and Their Responses to Irradiance and Dehydration Using the Evaporative Flux Method EFM
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Light rain exacerbates extreme humid heat.

Zhanjie Zhang1, Yong Wang2, Guang J Zhang3

  • 1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling and Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

Nature Communications
|August 26, 2024
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Summary

Light rain, contrary to intuition, can worsen humid heat waves by increasing humidity and extending their duration, particularly in arid regions. Adjusting climate models for light rain bias improves predictions of these extreme heat events.

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Area of Science:

  • Climatology
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Humid heat waves present substantial risks to human health and ecosystems.
  • Rainfall is intuitively expected to mitigate extreme heat, but its nuanced role is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex relationship between light rain and extreme humid heat events.
  • To analyze the impact of light rain on the frequency, intensity, and duration of humid heat waves.
  • To assess the performance of global climate models (GCMs) in simulating light rain and its effect on humid heat.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of observational data and climate model simulations.
  • Comparison of humid heat wave characteristics under different rainfall conditions (no rain, light rain, moderate-to-heavy rain).
  • Bias correction of a GCM to account for light rain overestimation.

Main Results:

  • Light rain, rather than alleviating, often exacerbates humid heat waves, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.
  • Light rain increases near-surface humidity via enhanced evaporation without significantly reducing solar radiation.
  • Consecutive humid heat extremes are sustained by light rain through water replenishment and shallower planetary boundary layers.
  • GCMs overestimate light rain, leading to inaccurate humid heat wave predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Light rain plays a critical, underappreciated role in the dynamics of extreme humid heat.
  • Accurate simulation of light rain in GCMs is essential for reliable projections of humid heat waves.
  • Findings highlight the need to consider light rain's impact in climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies.