Undertaking a structured assessment of a hard-to-heal wound

A thorough, holistic wound assessment is essential to identify the aetiology of a hard-to-heal wound and formulate a diagnosis, which will underpin the treatment plan. This article describes the fundamental elements of assessing a patient with a hard-to-heal wound holistically, including taking a patient history, performing a clinical examination and investigations, and considering the patient's physical, psychological, spiritual and social needs. The author also outlines the aspects of the TIMERS (tissue, infection/inflammation, moisture, edge, regeneration and social factors) wound assessment tool in detail, and explains some of the challenges associated with accurately assessing a wound.