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Cervicogenic Somatic Tinnitus: A Narrative Review Exploring Non-otologic Causes
Smriti Wadhwa1, Shraddha Jain1, Nimisha Patil1
1Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus
|August 27, 2024
Summary
Cervicogenic somatic tinnitus (CST) originates from the cervical spine, not the auditory system. Effective management requires addressing both neck dysfunction and tinnitus perception through a multidisciplinary approach.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Otolaryngology
- Musculoskeletal Medicine
Background:
- Cervicogenic somatic tinnitus (CST) is a form of somatosensory tinnitus linked to cervical spine dysfunction.
- Unlike primary tinnitus, CST stems from altered somatosensory input from the neck, impacting auditory pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the pathophysiology of CST.
- To outline diagnostic and management strategies for CST.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive patient history and physical examination.
- Audiological assessments and diagnostic imaging.
- Review of current and emerging treatment modalities.
Main Results:
- CST pathophysiology involves complex interactions between cervical somatosensory input and central auditory pathways, particularly the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN).
- Associated conditions include degenerative disc disease, cervical spondylosis, whiplash, and neck muscle stress.
- Enhanced excitability and synaptic reorganization in the brainstem contribute to tinnitus perception.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis necessitates a multidisciplinary approach integrating musculoskeletal and audiological evaluations.
- Treatment encompasses physical therapy, medications, interventional procedures, and complementary therapies.
- Neuromodulation and regenerative medicine offer promising future therapeutic avenues for CST.
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