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Subglottic Stenosis After Pediatric Tracheostomy

Rishi Suresh1, Cheyenne Roohani1, Cynthia S Wang1,2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390, U.S.A.

The Laryngoscope
|August 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The incidence of subglottic stenosis (SGS) after pediatric tracheostomy is 11.5 cases per 100 patients yearly. Low birth weight and initial subglottic injury are key risk factors for SGS development in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is a potential complication following tracheostomy in children.
  • Identifying incidence and risk factors is crucial for prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of SGS in pediatric patients post-tracheostomy.
  • To identify specific risk factors associated with SGS development in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of patients under 18 years undergoing tracheostomy.
  • Inclusion of patients with concurrent and subsequent direct laryngoscopy (DL).
  • Review of medical records to identify SGS and associated risk factors.

Main Results:

  • 140 pediatric patients were included in the study.
  • The incidence of SGS was 11.5 cases per 100 patients per year.
  • Lower birth weight, shorter gestational age, younger age, lower weight, and early subglottic injury were associated with SGS development.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of SGS following pediatric tracheostomy is estimated at 11.5 cases per 100 patients per year.
  • Low birth weight and subglottic injury at the time of tracheostomy are significant risk factors for SGS.
  • These findings highlight a vulnerable population requiring careful monitoring.
Abstract

Keywords:
acquired subglottic stenosisairway injuryairway stenosisdirect laryngoscopylow birth weightpediatric tracheostomy

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