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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

493
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Prognostic Impact Of Body Composition In Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients With Immunotherapy.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Prognostic Impact Of Body Composition In Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients With Immunotherapy.

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Prognostic impact of body composition in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with immunotherapy.

Lilong Zhang1,2,3, Xinyi Li1,2,3, Kunpeng Wang1,2,3

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

Annals of Medicine
|August 27, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sarcopenia and low skeletal muscle index (SMI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are linked to poorer outcomes. Maintaining adequate muscle mass and fat may improve treatment effectiveness.

Keywords:
Body compositionhepatocellular carcinomaimmune checkpoint inhibitorssarcopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant global health concern.
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a promising treatment for HCC.
  • The impact of body composition on ICI treatment outcomes in HCC is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between body composition parameters, sarcopenia, and clinical outcomes in HCC patients treated with ICIs.
  • To assess the prognostic value of skeletal muscle index (SMI) and subcutaneous adipose index (SAI) in this patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted across Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases.
  • Studies published up to January 21, 2024, focusing on body composition, sarcopenia, and ICI treatment in HCC were included.
skeletal muscle index
subcutaneous adipose index
  • Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed study quality; hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR) were extracted for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR).

    • Main Results:

    • Analysis of 15 articles (1543 patients) revealed that low SMI was associated with significantly inferior OS, PFS, ORR, and DCR.
    • Sarcopenia was significantly linked to poorer OS, PFS, ORR, and DCR compared to its absence.
    • Higher SAI levels correlated with better OS and PFS.

    Conclusions:

    • Sarcopenia and low SMI are associated with inferior treatment response and reduced long-term survival in HCC patients receiving ICIs.
    • Body composition parameters, particularly muscle mass and adipose tissue, are important prognostic factors in ICI-treated HCC.
    • Further research into nutritional interventions and body composition optimization may improve outcomes for HCC patients undergoing immunotherapy.