Intraoperative Hemostasis Using WALANT Versus Tourniquet; A Focused Review on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Trigger...

Maintaining intraoperative haemostasis is crucial when conducting wide-awake hand surgeries, this is particularly to improve visibility which will improve patient's outcome. There are various methods that could achieve the aforementioned, some of which is wide awake local anaesthesia without tourniquet (WALANT) or Tourniquet alongside sedation. Each method has its own benefits and drawbacks. This study primarily focuses on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Trigger Finger release. A comprehensive literature review was conducted through PUBMED, Scopus, google scholar, and web of science. A total of 45 articles were included in the study. We aimed to assess whether the literature supports the use of a tourniquet alongside sedation, or only local anesthesia and epinephrine in wide awake hand surgeries. Moreover, we aimed to highlight the benefits and drawbacks of using a tourniquet, and determine the patient population most likely to benefit from tourniquet application.