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Event-related pupillary response-based authentication system using eye-tracker add-on augmented reality glasses for

Sangin Park1, Jihyeon Ha2, Laehyun Kim2,3

  • 1Industry-Academy Cooperation Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Frontiers in Physiology
|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a noncontact authentication system using pupillary responses in augmented reality. This novel approach achieves high accuracy for person identification without physical sensors.

Keywords:
augmented realityauthenticationbiometricsevent-related potentialevent-related pupillary response

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Area of Science:

  • Biometrics
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Biometric authentication is crucial for security.
  • Existing methods often require physical contact or cumbersome sensors.
  • Augmented reality (AR) offers a novel platform for noncontact interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a noncontact authentication system using event-related pupillary response (ErPR) in an AR environment.
  • To compare the efficacy of ErPR with event-related potential (ERP) for biometric authentication.
  • To assess the performance of machine learning classifiers for ErPR-based identification.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty participants viewed familiar and unfamiliar faces in an AR setting.
  • Event-related pupillary response (ErPR) and event-related potential (ERP) were recorded.
  • Linear support vector machine and quadratic discriminant analysis classifiers were employed for authentication.

Main Results:

  • Both ERP and ErPR amplitudes were significantly higher for familiar faces.
  • An ERP-based system achieved perfect accuracy.
  • An ErPR-based system using quadratic discriminant analysis demonstrated 97% accuracy with low false acceptance and rejection rates.
  • Good agreement was observed between ERP and ErPR measurements.

Conclusions:

  • ErPR-based authentication is a viable, noncontact method for person identification.
  • This technology offers a low-cost, noninvasive, and easily implementable solution for AR environments.
  • The system eliminates the need for sensor attachment, enhancing user convenience.