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Spontaneous avalanche dephasing in large Rydberg ensembles.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spontaneous contaminant states cause rapid dephasing in Rydberg ensembles, limiting coherent interactions. This study confirms faster dephasing onset with increasing atom numbers, suggesting clustered growth mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Quantum Information Science

Background:

  • Spontaneous contaminant states lead to strong dipole-exchange interactions.
  • These interactions cause rapid dephasing in many-body Rydberg ensembles, impacting coherent control.
  • Dephasing is a runaway process, where initial contaminant atoms accelerate further contaminant production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the time dependence of contaminant-induced dephasing in Rydberg ensembles.
  • Examine the impact of Rydberg population on excitation dynamics.
  • Explore mechanisms driving the rapid onset of dephasing.

Main Methods:

  • Employed stroboscopic techniques and a pump-probe experimental setup.
  • Created excess Rydberg population using a "pump" transition.
  • Probed the system's response using a separate "probe" Rydberg transition.

Main Results:

  • Observed reduced resonant pumping rates and broadened excitation profiles with increasing pump Rydberg population.
  • Measured a population growth timescale significantly shorter than predicted by mean-field models.
  • Confirmed that dephasing onset time scales inversely with atom number, supporting clustered growth.

Conclusions:

  • The rapid dephasing in Rydberg ensembles is driven by clustered growth mechanisms, not homogeneous processes.
  • Stroboscopic techniques and cryogenic temperatures can mitigate spontaneous broadening effects.
  • Controlling contaminant states is crucial for realizing proposals utilizing coherent Rydberg interactions.