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Impact of Fabrication Techniques and Polishing Procedures on Surface Roughness of Denture Base Resins
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Mechanical Assessment of Denture Polymers Processing Technologies.

Cristina Modiga1,2, Andreea Stoia3, Marius Traian Leretter4

  • 1Department of Prostheses Technology and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania.

Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study compared the compressive strength of dentures made with different manufacturing methods. Injection molding yielded the strongest dentures, while 3D printed ones were the weakest, indicating significant differences in material performance.

Keywords:
3D printingdenture polymersmechanical testingpolymers injectionprocessing technologiessubstractiv CAD/CAM technique

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Prosthodontics

Background:

  • Advances in polymer materials have improved denture durability and performance.
  • Variations in polymer materials and processing technologies necessitate understanding their mechanical and physical properties.
  • Investigating the compressive strength of dentures produced by different methods is crucial for material selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the compressive strength of complete dentures fabricated using traditional, injection molding, and CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing) techniques.
  • To evaluate the mechanical performance of Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) dentures based on their manufacturing process.

Main Methods:

  • Complete dentures were fabricated using Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) via traditional packing-press, injection molding, additive CAD/CAM, and subtractive CAD/CAM methods.
  • Specimens underwent standardized compressive mechanical testing to determine failure points.
  • Maximum force and breaking energy were recorded for each processing technique.

Main Results:

  • All denture specimens fractured under load, exhibiting brittle failure rather than plastic deformation.
  • Mean forces to fracture were: Traditional (4.54 kN), Injection Molding (17.92 kN), Additive CAD/CAM (1.51 kN), and Subtractive CAD/CAM (5.9 kN).
  • Injection molding produced the highest compressive strength, while additive CAD/CAM (3D printing) yielded the lowest.

Conclusions:

  • Thermoplastic injection molding demonstrated superior compressive strength compared to other methods.
  • Additive CAD/CAM (3D printed) dentures exhibited the lowest compressive strength and stability.
  • Subtractive CAD/CAM milling offered a good balance of absolute property and stability, making it a reliable option.