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Dysregulated Inflammatory Cytokine Levels May Be Useful Markers in a Better Up-Dated Management of COVID-19

Marco Iuliano1, Roberta Maria Mongiovì2, Alberico Parente3

  • 1Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|August 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study reveals that elevated interferon gamma-induced protein (IP)-10 levels in COVID-19 patients may signal worsening illness. Interleukin (IL)-10 increases could indicate the development of post-COVID-19 long syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is linked to systemic cytokine level dysregulation.
  • Measuring serum inflammatory cytokines may aid in COVID-19 management.
  • Understanding cytokine profiles can predict disease severity and duration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the significance of serum cytokine levels in COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for COVID-19 severity and progression.
  • To correlate cytokine levels with disease outcomes in infected and recovered individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were collected from healthy donors (HD), patients at hospital admission (T0), and recovered subjects (T1).
  • Levels of 11 key cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12(p70), IL-27, IFNγ, IP-10, MCP-1, TNF-α) were measured.
  • A bead-based cytometric assay and ELISA were used for quantification.

Main Results:

  • Interleukin (IL)-10 was elevated in T0 compared to HD and T1 groups.
  • Interferon gamma-induced protein (IP)-10 significantly increased in T0 patients versus HD.
  • Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α decreased in T0 and a later recovery group compared to HD.

Conclusions:

  • IP-10 may serve as an early indicator of clinical worsening in COVID-19.
  • Elevated IL-10 levels might predict the onset of post-COVID-19 long syndrome.
  • Specific cytokine profiles correlate with disease status and recovery phases.

Keywords:
IL-10IP-10SARS-CoV-2inflammatory mediators

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