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Related Concept Videos

Hazard Ratio01:12

Hazard Ratio

99
The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial...
99
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups01:20

Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups

162
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
162

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

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A Randomized Trial Comparing Concurrent versus Sequential Radiation and Endocrine Therapy in Early-Stage,

Sharon F McGee1,2, Mark Clemons1,2, Gregory Pond3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.

Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Concurrent versus sequential endocrine and radiotherapy in early breast cancer showed no significant difference in endocrine therapy toxicity. This finding supports personalized treatment timing for radiation and endocrine therapy in early breast cancer patients.

Keywords:
breast cancerendocrine therapyquality of liferadiotherapytoxicitytreatment sequence

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiotherapy
  • Endocrine Therapy

Background:

  • Concerns exist regarding toxicities with concurrent endocrine therapy and radiotherapy in early breast cancer (EBC).
  • Optimizing treatment sequencing is crucial for managing side effects in EBC patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare endocrine therapy toxicity between concurrent and sequential administration of endocrine therapy and radiotherapy in hormone-responsive EBC.
  • To provide evidence for tailoring the timing of radiation and endocrine therapy based on individual patient needs.

Main Methods:

  • A pragmatic, multicenter randomized trial comparing concurrent versus sequential adjuvant endocrine therapy and radiotherapy.
  • Primary outcome: change in endocrine therapy toxicity (FACT-ES score) from baseline to 3 months post-radiotherapy.
  • 133 patients randomized to concurrent, 127 to sequential treatment; data collected September 2019 - January 2021.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in endocrine therapy toxicity change was observed between concurrent and sequential groups (p = 0.87).
  • Median toxicity change scores were -4.9 for concurrent and -5.1 for sequential treatment.
  • The study included a majority of post-menopausal patients (72.7%) with stage 1 disease (65.8%).

Conclusions:

  • Concurrent and sequential endocrine therapy with radiotherapy result in similar endocrine therapy-related toxicities in EBC.
  • Treatment timing can be individualized for patients with hormone-responsive EBC, balancing efficacy and toxicity.
  • This study is the first to directly compare these sequencing strategies regarding toxicity outcomes.