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A quantitative model of temperature-dependent diapause progression.

Loke von Schmalensee1,2, Philip Süess1, Kevin T Roberts1,3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Winter diapause in insects like Pieris napi is a temperature-dependent process. Cold exposure terminates diapause, enabling synchronized spring development and preventing premature emergence.

Keywords:
diapausediapause terminationecological predictionsinsectthermal performance curve

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Area of Science:

  • Insect physiology
  • Developmental biology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Winter diapause in insects is crucial for survival, preventing development before spring.
  • Quantitative understanding of diapause termination's temperature dependence is limited.
  • Diapause phenotypes are often cryptic, hindering study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a methodology for quantitatively assessing temperature-dependent diapause termination.
  • To characterize the thermal reaction norm for diapause termination in Pieris napi.
  • To investigate the relationship between diapause termination and postdiapause development rates.

Main Methods:

  • Butterfly pupae (Pieris napi) were moved from various cold conditions to 20 °C.
  • Diapause termination timing was recorded to determine temperature-dependent rates.
  • Postdiapause development rates were measured across a range of temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Diapause termination in Pieris napi follows a temperature-dependent rate process, peaking at cold temperatures.
  • A thermal reaction norm was established, predicting diapause termination under variable temperatures.
  • Postdiapause development exhibits a distinct thermal performance curve, optimal around 31 °C.

Conclusions:

  • Diapause termination and postdiapause development are distinct, temperature-dependent processes.
  • The interplay of these processes ensures synchronous spring eclosion in Pieris napi.
  • This quantitative model enhances understanding of diapause as an adaptation for survival and synchrony.