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Aortic stiffness predicts cardiovascular events, but its predictive power decreases with age. This vascular aging marker is more significant for coronary heart disease in women than men.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular research
  • Vascular aging
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Aortic stiffness, a result of vascular aging, is a known predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • The influence of age and sex on the predictive accuracy of aortic stiffness is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how age and sex affect the predictive performance of aortic stiffness for cardiovascular outcomes.
  • To assess the added predictive value of aortic stiffness across different age groups and between sexes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 6046 individuals in the population-based Rotterdam study.
  • Employed survival analyses to examine the association between aortic stiffness and outcomes like coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality.
  • Assessed predictive value using explained variation (R2), Harrell's C index, and Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI).

Main Results:

  • Aortic stiffness was independently linked to CHD, stroke, CVD, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.
  • The association between aortic stiffness and stroke, CVD, and mortality weakened with increasing age.
  • Aortic stiffness explained significant outcome variance in individuals under 60 years old, but negligibly in older groups.
  • The link between aortic stiffness and coronary heart disease was stronger in women than in men.

Conclusions:

  • The predictive value of aortic stiffness for cardiovascular disease and mortality is most pronounced in individuals younger than 60 years.
  • Age significantly modulates the predictive performance of aortic stiffness, with its impact diminishing in older populations.
  • Sex influences the association, with aortic stiffness showing a stronger link to coronary heart disease in women.