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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare adverse event associated with iodine-containing contrast media.
  • The incidence of CIE may rise with increasing endovascular procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of contrast-induced encephalopathy.
  • To raise awareness of this rare condition among clinicians.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-series analysis of 7 patients from 3 centers.
  • Extraction of key factors related to CIE development and management.

Main Results:

  • Median age of affected patients was 75 years, with equal sex distribution.
  • Common risk factors included hypertension, hyperlipidemia, prior stroke, and diabetes.
  • CIE occurred after various procedures, including endovascular thrombectomy and aneurysm treatment; stroke-like deficits were most common.
  • Most patients received non-ionic, low-osmolar contrast agents; prednisolone was a common treatment.
  • Symptom resolution occurred in 4/7 patients; one death occurred without clear relation to CIE.

Conclusions:

  • Contrast-induced encephalopathy is rare and potentially underdiagnosed.
  • Most cases of CIE have a favorable outcome, emphasizing the need for recognition and appropriate management.