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Effect of Exercise Versus Metformin among Nigerians with Prediabetes: A Randomised Controlled Trial
M T Umar1, A A Sabir1, K B Sada2
1Department of Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Email: musatambuwal@gmail.com; Phone Number: 2348063045900.
West African Journal of Medicine
|August 28, 2024
Summary
Moderate exercise and metformin significantly improve glucose tolerance in Nigerians with prediabetes, comparable to each other and superior to placebo. These interventions also reduce diabetes risk.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Prediabetes is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes, prevalent in Nigeria.
- Effective interventions can reverse prediabetes-associated carbohydrate intolerance.
- No prior studies in Nigeria have investigated prediabetes outcomes or interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of moderate exercise and metformin on glucose tolerance in Nigerians with prediabetes.
- To evaluate interventions against a placebo for prediabetes management.
Main Methods:
- A randomized placebo-controlled trial involving 54 Nigerians with prediabetes.
- Participants received metformin, moderate exercise, or placebo for 12 weeks.
- Plasma glucose levels were measured pre- and post-intervention.
Main Results:
- Both moderate exercise and metformin significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour post-glucose load (2HPGL) levels compared to placebo.
- The exercise group showed a 6.4% FPG and 20.5% 2HPGL reduction (p<0.05).
- The metformin group showed a 13.3% FPG and 12.4% 2HPGL reduction (p<0.05), with 50% and 40% diabetes risk reduction, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Moderate exercise and metformin are effective interventions for improving glucose tolerance in Nigerians with prediabetes.
- Exercise and metformin demonstrate comparable efficacy in improving glucose tolerance and reducing diabetes risk.
- Long-term follow-up is needed to assess the sustained effects of these interventions.
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