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Boosting spatial and energy resolution in STM with a double-functionalized probe.

Artem Odobesko1, Raffael L Klees2,3, Felix Friedrich1

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Researchers imaged Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states using a novel scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) probe. This technique reveals atomic-scale interference patterns in superconductors, previously unresolvable.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Surface Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Superconducting pairs scatter off magnetic impurities, forming Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states.
  • YSR states exhibit periodic spatial textures, but their short wavelengths challenge atomic-resolution imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an advanced imaging technique for resolving YSR bound states at the atomic scale.
  • To investigate the spatial distribution and interference patterns of YSR states around magnetic impurities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tip functionalized with a CO molecule and a superconducting cluster.
  • Employed this double-functionalized probe to achieve enhanced spatial and energy resolution for imaging YSR states.

Main Results:

  • Successfully imaged the spatial distribution of YSR states with unprecedented resolution.
  • Revealed rich interference patterns of hybridized YSR states from two iron atoms on a Nb(110) surface.
  • Demonstrated the superior capabilities of the novel STM probe for studying YSR phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • The developed STM probe significantly advances the study of superconducting phenomena at the atomic scale.
  • The technique provides new insights into the complex interactions and spatial textures of YSR states.
  • This method opens avenues for exploring quantum phenomena in superconductors with greater detail.