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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Dementia01:30

Dementia

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
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Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
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Amyloid Fibrils03:03

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Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
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Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Quantitative 3D In Silico Modeling q3DISM of Cerebral Amyloid-beta Phagocytosis in Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease
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Current Developments in Alzheimer's Disease.

Edward J Goetzl1

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco.

The American Journal of Medicine
|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advances in understanding Alzheimer's disease genetics and pathology enable early detection through blood biomarkers. This fuels the development of new disease-modifying treatments targeting various mechanisms for Alzheimer's disease.

Keywords:
DementiaNeurodegenerationNeuroinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Growing knowledge of Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetics and pathogenesis.
  • Recognition of the extended preclinical phase in AD.
  • Need for effective disease-modifying treatments for AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To leverage genetic and mechanistic insights for AD research.
  • To highlight the role of blood-based biomarkers in early AD detection.
  • To explore diverse therapeutic avenues for Alzheimer's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing advances in genetic and pathogenic understanding of AD.
  • Establishing and validating accurate blood-based biomarkers.
  • Investigating a wide spectrum of potential therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Facilitated delineation of the long preclinical course of Alzheimer's disease.
  • Enabled preclinical identification of early-stage AD.
  • Permitted quantitative monitoring for therapeutic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Improved understanding of AD pathogenesis and genetics is crucial.
  • Blood-based biomarkers are key for early detection and monitoring AD.
  • A broad range of therapeutic interventions show promise for Alzheimer's disease treatment.