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Online Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocol for Measuring Cortical Physiology Associated with Response Inhibition
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Low-Frequency Oscillations in Mid-rostral Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Support Response Inhibition.

Anas U Khan1, Zachary Irwin1, Anil Mahavadi1

  • 1Departments of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35233.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Executive control relies on inhibiting impulsive actions. This study found that low-frequency brain oscillations in the mid-rostral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) are key for motor control and response inhibition.

Keywords:
cognitive controldorsolateral prefrontal cortexelectrocorticographylocal field potentialsresponse inhibition

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Executive control is crucial for inhibiting impulsive responses, essential for navigating complex environments.
  • The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is implicated in response inhibition, with fMRI studies showing increased activity.
  • Previous research often links dlPFC activity to maintaining task attentional demands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the topographical organization of cognitive control along the rostral-caudal axis of the dlPFC.
  • To examine oscillatory dynamics in the dlPFC during proactive and reactive motor control using direct cortical recordings.
  • To identify specific brain regions and oscillatory patterns involved in response inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Direct intraoperative cortical recordings were performed in human subjects (male and female).
  • A modified Go/No-go task was employed to probe motor control and response inhibition.
  • Oscillatory power was analyzed along the rostral-caudal axis of the dlPFC.

Main Results:

  • Low-frequency power significantly increased in the mid-rostral dlPFC during response inhibition and delayed responses.
  • Findings suggest a topographical organization of cognitive control within the dlPFC.
  • Distinct oscillatory dynamics were observed along the rostral-caudal axis, differentiating proactive and reactive control components.

Conclusions:

  • Mid-rostral dlPFC low-frequency oscillations play a critical role in sculpting motor control.
  • Cognitive control, specifically response inhibition, is topographically organized within the dlPFC.
  • Direct cortical recordings provide valuable insights into the neural mechanisms of executive function.