Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Arrhenius Plots02:34

Arrhenius Plots

39.0K
The Arrhenius equation relates the activation energy and the rate constant, k, for chemical reactions. In the Arrhenius equation, k = Ae−Ea/RT, R is the ideal gas constant, which has a value of 8.314 J/mol·K, T is the temperature on the kelvin scale, Ea is the activation energy in J/mole, e is the constant 2.7183, and A is a constant called the frequency factor, which is related to the frequency of collisions and the orientation of the reacting molecules.
The Arrhenius equation can be used...
39.0K
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate02:55

Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate

81.4K
The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
81.4K
Effect of Temperature Change on Reaction Rate02:28

Effect of Temperature Change on Reaction Rate

4.0K
The Arrhenius equation,
4.0K
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

2.7K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
2.7K
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

2.5K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.5K
Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature02:19

Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature

29.5K
Consistent with the law of mass action, an equilibrium stressed by a change in concentration will shift to re-establish equilibrium without any change in the value of the equilibrium constant, K. When an equilibrium shifts in response to a temperature change, however, it is re-established with a different relative composition that exhibits a different value for the equilibrium constant.
To understand this phenomenon, consider the elementary reaction:
29.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Probing and modeling cell-cell communication in 2D biomimetic tissues.

Soft matter·2026
Same author

Flips reveal the universal impact of memory on random explorations.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Evidence and quantification of memory effects in competitive first-passage events.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Exact Propagators of One-Dimensional Self-Interacting Random Walks.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Aging dynamics of d-dimensional locally activated random walks.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Extreme value statistics of jump processes.

Physical review. E·2024
Same journal

Large-scale discovery and annotation of substructure patterns in mass spectrometry profiles.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Salmonella SopB suppresses post-transcriptionally regulated cytokine release to reduce early tissue inflammation and delay disease progression.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

A human-specific microRNA controls the timing of excitatory synaptogenesis.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

An HMA-like integrated domain in the wheat tandem kinase WTK4 recognises an RNase-like pathogen effector.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Learning regularities in noise engages both neural predictive activity and representational changes.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

The H3K4 methyltransferase KMT2D is an essential cofactor for GATA1 at erythroid gene enhancers.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
09:39

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation

Published on: June 26, 2013

26.9K

Long-term memory induced correction to Arrhenius law.

A Barbier-Chebbah1,2, O Bénichou3, R Voituriez2,4

  • 1Decision and Bayesian Computation, USR 3756 (C3BI/DBC) and Neuroscience Department CNRS UMR 3751, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS, 75015, Paris, France.

Nature Communications
|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals a new correction to the Arrhenius law for rare event kinetics in non-Markovian processes. Long-term memory introduces a second effective energy barrier, impacting reaction rates.

More Related Videos

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:17

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 23, 2022

2.4K
Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

7.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
09:39

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation

Published on: June 26, 2013

26.9K
Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:17

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 23, 2022

2.4K
Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

7.9K

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • The Kramers escape problem models rare event kinetics, typically following Arrhenius law.
  • Analytical methods struggle with non-Markovian processes exhibiting long-term memory, common in biological and material systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively determine the mean first passage time (FPT) to rare configurations in non-Markovian processes with long-term memory.
  • To analytically derive the asymptotic behavior for large energy barriers and identify deviations from the standard Arrhenius law.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a minimal model for non-Markovian Gaussian processes with long-term memory.
  • Analytical calculation of the mean first passage time (FPT) and its asymptotic behavior.
  • Identification and characterization of a correction term to the Arrhenius law.

Main Results:

  • A novel analytical correction to the Arrhenius law for rare event kinetics is derived.
  • This correction manifests as a second effective energy barrier, dependent on initial conditions.
  • The derived correction quantitatively captures the influence of long-term memory on reaction kinetics.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term memory significantly alters rare event kinetics, necessitating a departure from the classical Arrhenius law.
  • The identified second effective energy barrier provides a quantitative measure of memory's impact.
  • This work offers a more accurate kinetic model for systems with complex memory effects.