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Area of Science:

  • Wave propagation
  • Non-linear dynamics
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Breaking wave reciprocity is crucial for photonics and phononics.
  • Previous methods using linear scattering and broken time-reversal symmetry incur unavoidable absorption losses.
  • Passive devices face limitations in transmitted power due to inherent losses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome limitations of passive devices by achieving non-reciprocal wave propagation with gain.
  • To explore the interplay between non-linearity, gain, and non-reciprocity.
  • To demonstrate a loss-immune non-reciprocal device.

Main Methods:

  • Converting cavity resonance into a limit cycle using non-linearity and gain.
  • Utilizing wave synchronization with self-sustained oscillations for amplification.
  • Theoretical modeling and experimental acoustic scattering.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a mechanism that simultaneously enhances non-reciprocity and compensates absorption.
  • Achieved amplification of incident waves by synchronizing them with self-sustained oscillations.
  • Observed non-reciprocal transmission of audible sound in a three-port circulator.

Conclusions:

  • The developed synchronization-based mechanism effectively breaks wave reciprocity while compensating for losses.
  • This approach offers a path towards efficient, active non-reciprocal devices.
  • Experimental validation in acoustics demonstrates practical applicability for audible sound transmission.