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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Multiferroicity in plastically deformed SrTiO3.

Xi Wang1,2, Anirban Kundu3, Bochao Xu4

  • 1Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Nature Communications
|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plastic deformation induces robust magnetism and ferroelectricity in quantum paraelectric strontium titanate (SrTiO3). This creates a novel quantum multiferroic material, controllable with stress and electric fields.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Quantum materials exhibit unique electronic states upon manipulation.
  • Plastic deformation introduces dislocations, potentially creating new physical phenomena.
  • This approach is underexplored in quantum materials research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of plastic deformation on quantum paraelectric strontium titanate (SrTiO3).
  • To explore the potential for inducing novel electronic states, specifically magnetism, through plastic deformation.

Main Methods:

  • Plastic deformation of SrTiO3 crystals.
  • Scanning magnetic measurements.
  • Near-field optical microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Plastic deformation induced robust magnetism in SrTiO3, absent in the pristine material.
  • Magnetic order was localized along dislocation walls, coexisting with ferroelectricity.
  • Magnetic signals were switchable via external stress and tunable with electric fields.

Conclusions:

  • Plastically deformed SrTiO3 exhibits robust quantum multiferroic properties.
  • Plastic deformation is a viable method for manipulating quantum material properties.
  • This work opens new avenues for engineering quantum phenomena in materials.