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Nitazene test strips: a laboratory evaluation.

Liam M De Vrieze1, Christophe P Stove2, Marthe M Vandeputte3

  • 1Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

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|August 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Nitazene test strips (NTS) can detect most emerging nitazene analogues in drug samples, but may miss desnitazenes. These strips offer a potential tool for drug checking to alert users to the presence of these potent synthetic opioids.

Keywords:
2-Benzylbenzimidazole ‘nitazene’ opioidsDrug checkingHarm reductionImmunoassay test stripsNew synthetic opioids (NSO)

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Chemistry
  • Public Health
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • 2-Benzylbenzimidazole 'nitazene' opioids are a growing public health concern.
  • Nitazene analogues are increasingly found in illicit drugs and counterfeit medications.
  • Rapid detection methods are needed due to the high risk of intoxication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate the performance of commercially available nitazene test strips (NTS).
  • Assess the potential of NTS for drug checking applications.
  • Determine the detection limits and cross-reactivity of NTS with various nitazene analogues.

Main Methods:

  • Drug standards and sourced samples were diluted in water.
  • NTS readouts were analyzed by two individuals and ImageJ.
  • Limit of detection for isotonitazene and cross-reactivity with 32 analogues were determined.

Main Results:

  • The limit of detection for isotonitazene was 2000-3000 ng/mL.
  • Twenty-four of 33 tested nitazene analogues showed cross-reactivity.
  • All six authentic drug samples tested positive, indicating no false negatives in this subset.

Conclusions:

  • NTS can theoretically detect most nitazene analogues on the recreational drug market.
  • Desnitazenes may yield false negatives due to low cross-reactivity.
  • NTS show potential for drug checking applications, alerting users to nitazene presence.