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Exercise induced hypoalgesia after a high intensity functional training: a randomized controlled crossover study.

Fabian Tomschi1, Pia Ransmann2, Alexander Schmidt2

  • 1Department of Sports Medicine, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany. tomschi@uni-wuppertal.de.

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|August 28, 2024
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Summary

High-intensity functional training (HIFT) effectively reduces pain sensitivity, inducing exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH). This effect was observed in men following HIFT, but not in women, highlighting the need for sex-specific research.

Keywords:
GenderHIITHigh intensity interval trainingPainSensitivitySex-specific

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Pain perception
  • Sports science

Background:

  • Acute physical activity can acutely reduce pain sensitivity, a phenomenon known as exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH).
  • The impact of High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) on EIH has not been extensively studied.
  • This study aimed to compare the effects of HIFT on EIH versus a control session.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a 12-minute HIFT session on pain sensitivity.
  • To compare the EIH response between HIFT and a supervised breathing control session.
  • To explore potential sex differences in the EIH response to HIFT.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover design was employed with 50 participants (26.0 ± 2.7 years; 23 female).
  • Participants underwent a 12-minute HIFT (bodyweight exercises) and a 12-minute control (supervised breathing) session.
  • Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were measured at the ankles, knees, elbows, and forehead before and after each intervention.

Main Results:

  • HIFT induced significant hypoalgesia (increased PPT) compared to the control session (p < 0.001).
  • Significant hypoalgesia was observed at most body landmarks after HIFT, except the right elbow and forehead.
  • EIH was observed only in male participants, with no significant changes in female participants.

Conclusions:

  • HIFT, a combination of strength and aerobic exercises, is an effective tool for inducing hypoalgesia.
  • The pain-reducing effects of HIFT were primarily observed in male participants.
  • Future research should focus on sex-specific responses to HIFT-induced hypoalgesia.