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Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: The Importance of Serum Levels and Haplotypes of the Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine
Susanne Schulz1, Leonie Reuter1, Alexander Navarrete Santos2
1Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany.
Insights
Elevated interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels, but not IL-10 gene variations, were linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes in a 10-year study of cardiovascular disease patients. This finding highlights IL-10
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cardiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major global health concern.
- Inflammation, regulated by cytokines like interleukin 10 (IL-10), is strongly linked to CVD.
- IL-10 possesses anti-inflammatory properties, making its role in CVD progression significant.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prognostic value of IL-10 serum levels and specific IL-10 gene haplotypes (rs1800896/rs1800871/rs1800872) in predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
- To assess the 10-year risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac death, and stroke-related death in relation to IL-10 markers.
- To determine if IL-10 genetic variations influence cardiovascular event risk over a decade.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 1002 cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients was analyzed at baseline.
- Serum IL-10 levels were quantified using flow cytometry (BD™ Cytometric Bead Array).
- IL-10 haplotypes were determined via polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP).
Main Results:
- IL-10 haplotypes did not emerge as significant prognostic factors for cardiovascular events over 10 years (Breslow test: p = 0.423).
- A statistically significant association was observed between higher IL-10 levels and adverse cardiovascular outcomes (Breslow test: p = 0.047).
- Adjusted survival analysis (Cox regression) did not confirm this association (adjusted HR = 1.26, p = 0.168).
Conclusions:
- Elevated IL-10 levels showed a link to adverse cardiovascular outcomes in CVD patients over a 10-year follow-up.
- IL-10 gene haplotypes were not found to be predictive of cardiovascular events in this cohort.
- The study suggests that while IL-10 levels may be associated with CVD prognosis, genetic variations might not play a direct role.
Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent major medical and socio-economic challenges worldwide. There is substantial evidence that CVD is closely linked to inflammatory changes triggered by a complex cytokine network. In this context, interleukin 10 (IL-10) plays an important role as a pleiotropic cytokine with an anti-inflammatory capacity. In this study (a substudy of ClinTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01045070), the prognostic relevance of IL-10 levels and IL-10 haplotypes (rs1800896/rs1800871/rs1800872) was assessed regarding adverse cardiovascular outcomes (combined endpoint: myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischemic attack, cardiac death and death according to stroke) within a 10-year follow-up.
Patients And Methods:
At baseline, 1002 in-patients with CVD were enrolled. Serum levels of IL-10 were evaluated utilizing flow cytometry (BD™ Cytometric Bead Array). Haplotype analyses were carried out by polymerase chain reactions with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP).
Results:
In a survival analysis, IL-10 haplotypes were not proven to be cardiovascular prognostic factors in a 10-year follow-up (Breslow test: p = 0.423). However, a higher IL-10 level was associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes (Breslow test: p = 0.047). A survival analysis considering adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) could not confirm this correlation (Cox regression: adjusted HR = 1.26, p = 0.168).
Conclusion:
In the present study, an elevated IL-10 level but not IL-10 haplotypes was linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes (10-year follow-up) in a cohort of CVD patients.
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