Spatial distribution of cortical proteins in cells of epithelial sheets

In the differentiated pigmented epithelial cells of the retina (RPE) of chick embryos cytoskeletal proteins are found in polygonal rings located in the cell cortex. Within the cortical rings of the RPE cells vinculin and spectrin occupy a characteristic position closest to the plasma membrane; actin is found farther away, while tropomyosin and myosin are located farthest from the plasma membrane. The differences in the distribution of these proteins might reflect the functional specialization of different parts of the cortical ring required to develop and transmit tension from individual cells throughout the entire epithelial sheet.