Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

404
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
404
Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype01:31

Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype

1.5K
Adrenoceptors are classified into α and ꞵ classes based on their potencies to catecholamine agonists. α-adrenoceptors show the following order of catecholamine potency:
Adrenaline ≥ Noradrenaline >> Isoprenaline
α-adrenoceptors are further divided into α1 and α2-adrenoceptors.
α1-Adrenoceptors: These receptors are located postsynaptically on the effector organs and cause constriction of smooth muscle mediated by activation of phospholipase...
1.5K
Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype01:26

Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype

1.6K
β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors...
1.6K
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of β1 Blockers01:17

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of β1 Blockers

327
β1-receptors are primarily located in the heart and kidneys. In cardiac myocytes, these receptors interact with neurotransmitters released by the sympathetic nervous system during heightened activity or danger. As a result, β1-receptors get activated, initiating a series of biochemical processes. Excessive activation of beta receptors due to chronic stress can abnormally increase heart rate and contractility, resulting in high blood pressure or hypertension. To counteract this,...
327

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Influence of Sex and Hormones on Organelle Stress in Kidney Injury: Insights from Preclinical Models.

Biology·2026
Same author

Chemophotothermal Combined Therapy with 5-Fluorouracil and Branched Gold Nanoshell Hyperthermia Induced a Reduction in Tumor Size in a Xenograft Colon Cancer Model.

Pharmaceutics·2025
Same author

The Role of TLRs in Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Disorders.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

The Expression of Toll-like Receptors (TLR7 and TLR9) in Class III and Class IV of Recently Diagnosed Lupus Nephritis with 12-Month Follow-Up.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024
Same author

Cardiac transcriptomic changes induced by early CKD in mice reveal novel pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Cardiorenal syndrome type 4.

Heliyon·2024
Same author

Long chain capsaicin analogues synthetized by CALB-CLEAs show cytotoxicity on glioblastoma cell lines.

Applied microbiology and biotechnology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

23.6K

The Sigma-1 Receptor Exacerbates Cardiac Dysfunction Induced by Obstructive Nephropathy: A Role for Sexual

Francisco Javier Munguia-Galaviz1,2, Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Diaz1, Yanet Karina Gutierrez-Mercado3

  • 1Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.

Biomedicines
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Sigma-1 Receptor (Sigmar1) aggravates cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS4) and cardiac dysfunction, particularly in males. Sigmar1 stimulation worsens kidney damage and heart issues, highlighting sex-based differences in CRS4 development.

Keywords:
Sigmar1cardiorenalfibrosiskidneyssexual dimorphism

More Related Videos

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy
07:52

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy

Published on: November 7, 2017

20.4K
A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

4.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

23.6K
A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy
07:52

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy

Published on: November 7, 2017

20.4K
A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

4.7K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • The Sigma-1 Receptor (Sigmar1) is a stress-activated chaperone with significant therapeutic potential.
  • Cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS4) involves kidney damage leading to cardiac dysfunction, but Sigmar1's role remains unclear.
  • Understanding Sigmar1's involvement in CRS4 is crucial for developing targeted treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Sigmar1 and its ligands in a mouse model of CRS4 induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).
  • To evaluate the impact of Sigmar1 agonists and antagonists on renal and cardiac dysfunction, and cardiac remodeling.
  • To explore potential sex-based differences in Sigmar1's effects on CRS4.

Main Methods:

  • A CRS4 model was established using unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in male and female C57BL/6 mice.
  • Mice were treated with Sigmar1 agonists (PRE-084, SA4503) or antagonist (haloperidol).
  • Evaluations included biochemical assays, RT-qPCR, histology, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, RNA-seq, and bioinformatics analysis over 21 days.

Main Results:

  • Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) increased Sigmar1 expression in both kidneys and hearts.
  • Sigmar1 agonists (PRE-084, SA4503) exacerbated cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in both sexes.
  • These aggravating effects were significantly more pronounced in male mice.

Conclusions:

  • Sigmar1 expression is upregulated in the kidneys and heart during CRS4.
  • Stimulation of Sigmar1 worsens cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in CRS4, with a greater impact in males.
  • Sex-specific differences in CRS4 development and Sigmar1's role necessitate consideration for therapeutic strategies.