Correlational Insights into Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Lebanon

Area of Science:

• Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• Pediatric Psychiatry
• Genetics and Environmental Factors in ADHD Etiology

Background:

• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with significant genetic and environmental influences.
• Understanding ADHD etiology is crucial for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies.
• Limited research exists on ADHD correlates within the Lebanese population.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate familial, maternal, and child health variables associated with ADHD in Lebanese patients.
• To identify potential risk and protective factors for ADHD in this specific demographic.
• To contribute to the understanding of ADHD etiology and inform prevention efforts.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 61 Lebanese ADHD patients and 58 matched controls (ages 6-24).
• Data collected via questionnaires.
• Statistical analyses included t-tests, Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests, and multivariate logistic regression.

Main Results:

• Male predominance observed in ADHD patients (68.9%).
• Significant risk factors identified: maternal anemia (OR=3.65), maternal stress during pregnancy (OR=3.27), neonatal jaundice (OR=5.02), and familial ADHD history (OR=12.03).
• Breastfeeding was a significant protective factor (OR=0.26).

Conclusions:

• This pilot study highlights key risk and protective factors for ADHD in the Lebanese population.
• Identified factors like maternal health and breastfeeding practices offer potential targets for prevention.
• Further research is needed to validate these findings and develop targeted interventions.