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Suicide Risk Factors in High School Students
Guillermo Gómez Delgado1, Antonio Ponce Rojo2, Jaime Eduardo Ramírez Mireles1
1High School Education System, University of Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico.
Summary
Suicidal ideation is a significant concern among Mexican adolescents, influenced by mental health and well-being factors. This study identified key risk factors and prevalence rates in high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Adolescent Psychology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Suicide is the third leading cause of death in Mexican adolescents.
- Adolescent suicidal behavior results from complex personal, interpersonal, and sociocultural factors.
- The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified psychosocial impacts on youth mental health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the prevalence of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Mexico.
- To identify risk factors associated with suicidal ideation in high school students.
- To assess the psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study.
- Survey of 3583 high school students (SEMS, University of Guadalajara).
- Descriptive statistics, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and multiple linear regression.
Main Results:
- 19% of students showed high suicide risk; 26.8% showed moderate risk.
- PCA identified eight principal components explaining 75.42% of variance.
- Multiple linear regression (R²=0.4811) indicated significant predictors of suicidal ideation (p<0.05).
- Key influential factors include depression, mental health, quality of life, well-being, and emotions.
Conclusions:
- Suicidal ideation is prevalent in Mexican adolescents, exacerbated by the pandemic.
- Mental health, well-being, and emotional state are critical factors influencing suicidal ideation.
- Targeted interventions addressing these factors are crucial for adolescent suicide prevention.
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