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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Antimicrobial Resistance of Mycoplasma genitalium Infections in a High-Risk

Asher Hackett1, Orit Yossepowitch2, Yael Goor3

  • 1Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva 4941492, Israel.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

High rates of antibiotic resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections were found in an Israeli STI clinic. Azithromycin resistance was particularly prevalent, highlighting the need for updated treatment guidelines and resistance testing.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections and antibiotic resistance are growing concerns globally.
  • Limited data exists on MG resistance patterns within Israel.
  • Treatment options for MG infections are becoming increasingly restricted due to resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) isolates from a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic in Israel.
  • To identify risk factors associated with antibiotic resistance in MG infections.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center retrospective study was conducted from 2019-2020.
  • MG isolates from 142 positive cases were tested for resistance to azithromycin and fluoroquinolones (FQs) using commercial assays.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to determine risk factors for resistance.

Main Results:

  • Of 142 MG-positive patients, 35.2% exhibited azithromycin resistance and 15.5% showed fluoroquinolone resistance.
  • 9.2% of patients displayed resistance to both azithromycin and fluoroquinolones.
  • Men who have sex with men and a history of STIs were identified as independent risk factors for azithromycin resistance.

Conclusions:

  • A significant prevalence of azithromycin resistance and moderate fluoroquinolone resistance in MG infections was observed in this Israeli cohort.
  • Findings support the need for routine antibiotic resistance testing in high-risk populations.
  • The results can inform the development of updated clinical treatment guidelines for MG infections.
Keywords:
Mycoplasma genitaliumantibioticsmen who have sex with menresistancesexually transmitted infections

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