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Sex-Specific Differences in Kidney Function and Blood Pressure Regulation
Eleni Stamellou1,2, Viktor Sterzer1, Jessica Alam1
1Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Abstract:
Premenopausal women generally exhibit lower blood pressure and a lower prevalence of hypertension than men of the same age, but these differences reverse postmenopause due to estrogen withdrawal. Sexual dimorphism has been described in different components of kidney physiology and pathophysiology, including the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, endothelin system, and tubular transporters. This review explores the sex-specific differences in kidney function and blood pressure regulation. Understanding these differences provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for managing hypertension and kidney diseases, considering the patient's sex and hormonal status.
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