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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

361
The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
361

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Dental DNA Mutations Occurring after Death: A Novel Method for Post-Mortem Interval (PMI) Estimation.

Ilenia Bianchi1,2, Simone Grassi1,2, Eleonora Nardi3

  • 1Laboratory of Personal Identification and Forensic Morphology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Estimating post-mortem interval (PMI) is challenging. This study uses DNA mutations in dental pulp, analyzed by next-generation sequencing, to estimate PMI beyond 7-10 days. Accumulated degree days (ADDs) are more reliable than days for PMI estimation.

Keywords:
accumulated degree days (ADDs)dental DNAforensic odontologymolecular biologynext-generation sequencing (NGS)post-mortem interval (PMI)teeth

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Post-mortem interval (PMI) estimation is crucial in forensic science, particularly for cases exceeding 7-10 days.
  • Existing methods face limitations in accuracy for extended post-mortem periods.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers potential for novel PMI estimation techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate a novel method for estimating post-mortem interval (PMI) using DNA mutations in dental pulp.
  • To assess the repeatability of PMI estimation using genetic analysis across different time points and subjects.
  • To investigate the correlation between accumulated degree days (ADDs) and DNA degeneration for improved PMI accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNA mutations in dental pulp from 10 teeth across varying PMIs (8-35 days) and ADDs (157.4-753.8).
  • Application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify somatic mutations in 56 genes.
  • Correlation of mutation patterns with specific PMI/ADD ranges.

Main Results:

  • Identified 1754 mutations in 56 genes, with over 700 mutations >5% prevalence.
  • Observed mutations appearing at later PMIs within the same subject, indicating post-mortem acquisition.
  • Established associations between 67 somatic mutations and specific PMI/ADD ranges (e.g., within 8 days, 17-28 days, beyond 30 days).

Conclusions:

  • The NGS-based mutation analysis in dental pulp shows promise for estimating post-mortem intervals beyond the first week.
  • Accumulated degree days (ADDs) appear to be a more reliable indicator for PMI estimation than chronological days.
  • Further research is needed to refine genetic panels and understand environmental influences on DNA degeneration for forensic application.