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Updated: Jun 14, 2025
12:19
Monitoring the Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Exploring Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics
Published on: June 7, 2024
905
Cracking the Codes behind Cancer Cells' Immune Evasion
Nikita Mundhara1, Pritam Sadhukhan1
1Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 29, 2024
Summary
Cancer cells employ immune evasion strategies to avoid detection, impacting tumor progression. Understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune cell interactions is crucial for developing effective cancer therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Cancer Biology
Background:
- Immune evasion is critical for tumor recurrence and metastasis.
- The tumor microenvironment (TME) dynamically influences cancer progression and immune cell activity.
- Cancer cells alter immune cell composition and function within the TME.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the composition of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME).
- To discuss factors influencing the TIME.
- To summarize therapeutic strategies targeting immune cells within the TIME.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of immune surveillance and evasion mechanisms.
- Analysis of immune cell roles in cancer progression.
- Synthesis of therapeutic approaches modulating the TIME.
Main Results:
- Tumor cells evade immune surveillance via antigen presentation downregulation and immune checkpoint molecule expression.
- High tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) correlate with better prognosis.
- Enrichment of Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and M2 macrophages indicates poor prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Understanding immune evasion mechanisms is key to guiding therapeutic strategies.
- Modulating the TME can enhance immune surveillance and improve patient outcomes.
- This review serves as a foundational reference for immune surveillance and evasion in cancer.
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