Related Experiment Video For fibrosis
Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Oropharyngeal Administration of Bleomycin in the Murine Model of Pulmonary Fibrosis
Published on: May 9, 2025
Cellular and Molecular Genetic Mechanisms of Lung Fibrosis Development and the Role of Vitamin D: A Review
Darya Enzel1, Maxim Kriventsov1, Tatiana Sataieva1
1Medical Institute Named after S.I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lenina Boulevard 5/7, 295051 Simferopol, Russia.
Abstract:
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis remains a relevant problem of the healthcare system with an unfavorable prognosis for patients due to progressive fibrous remodeling of the pulmonary parenchyma. Starting with the damage of the epithelial lining of alveoli, pulmonary fibrosis is implemented through a cascade of complex mechanisms, the crucial of which is the TGF-β/SMAD-mediated pathway, involving various cell populations. Considering that a number of the available drugs (pirfenidone and nintedanib) have only limited effectiveness in slowing the progression of fibrosis, the search and justification of new approaches aimed at regulating the immune response, cellular aging processes, programmed cell death, and transdifferentiation of cell populations remains relevant. This literature review presents the key modern concepts concerning molecular genetics and cellular mechanisms of lung fibrosis development, based mainly on in vitro and in vivo studies in experimental models of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, as well as the latest data on metabolic features, potential targets, and effects of vitamin D and its metabolites.
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