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Exploring Mitochondrial Heterogeneity and Evolutionary Dynamics in Thelephora ganbajun through Population Genomics.

Haixia Li1, Tong Liang1,2, Yongju Liu1,2

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This study reveals persistent mitochondrial heterogeneity in the fungus Thelephora ganbajun, challenging uniparental inheritance. Introns and homing endonucleases significantly shape fungal mitochondrial evolution.

Keywords:
comparative population genomicsmitogenomepersistent heteroplasmywild edible fungi

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Area of Science:

  • Mitochondrial genetics
  • Fungal genomics
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial genomes in most sexual eukaryotes exhibit uniparental inheritance.
  • Limited research exists on fungal mitochondrial genetics and inheritance diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate persistent mitochondrial heterogeneity in the basidiomycete fungus Thelephora ganbajun.
  • To understand the role of genetic elements like introns and homing endonucleases in fungal mitochondrial evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing and assembly of 40 Thelephora ganbajun mitogenomes.
  • Analysis of heterogeneity in cox1 and nad5 genes.
  • Population genomic analyses.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of persistent mitochondrial heterogeneity in natural Thelephora ganbajun populations.
  • Identification of heterogeneous variants, introns, and homing endonucleases in cox1 and nad5 genes.
  • Evidence of potential horizontal gene transfer of homing endonucleases.
  • Regional variations in mitochondrial genome composition.

Conclusions:

  • Polymorphisms, introns, and homing endonucleases significantly influence fungal mitochondrial structure and evolution.
  • Mitochondrial heterogeneity plays a key role in the evolutionary dynamics of sexual eukaryotes.
  • Findings advance understanding of eukaryotic mitochondrial inheritance and genome architecture.