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Decoding India's Child Malnutrition Puzzle: A Multivariable Analysis Using a Composite Index

Gulzar Shah1, Maryam Siddiqa2, Padmini Shankar3

  • 1Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Child malnutrition in India affects over half of children under five. Factors like birth order, maternal health, and socioeconomic status significantly predict nutritional outcomes, requiring comprehensive public health interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Epidemiology

Background:

  • Child malnutrition is a persistent public health challenge in India.
  • Understanding the determinants of malnutrition is crucial for effective intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and identify predictors of malnutrition in Indian children under five years of age.
  • To inform public health policies and interventions aimed at improving child nutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the India National Family Health Survey (2019-2021).
  • Applied the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure to assess malnutrition.
  • Employed multivariable logistic regression to identify significant predictors.

Main Results:

  • Over 52% of children experienced anthropometric failure.
  • Female gender, larger birth size, higher maternal education, and better socioeconomic status were associated with lower malnutrition risk.
  • Higher birth order, severe maternal anemia, and specific religious affiliations were linked to increased malnutrition risk.

Conclusions:

  • Child malnutrition remains a critical issue in India, demanding integrated efforts from public and private sectors.
  • A 'Health in All Policies' approach is recommended to address factors influencing children's nutritional status.
Abstract

Keywords:
Indiachildrencomposite index of anthropometric failuremalnutritionsocial determinantsstuntingunderweightwasting

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