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Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer

Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer

Published on: November 2, 2013

Prostate Cancer Screening in Young Men.

Maxime De Vrieze¹, Rouvier Al-Monajjed^1,2, Matthias Boschheidgen³

¹Division of Personalized Early Detection of Prostate Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

Journal of Personalized Medicine

|August 29, 2024

Summary

Prostate cancer screening in 45-year-old men shows low detection but high clinical significance. A baseline PSA at 45 may safely defer screening for 5 years, reducing unnecessary tests.

Keywords:

PSA baseline PSA multiparametric MRI prostate cancer prostate cancer screening risk-adapted screening

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Area of Science:

Urology
Oncology
Preventive Medicine

Background:

Prostate cancer (PCa) screening evidence primarily exists for men aged 50+.
Developing and evaluating PCa screening strategies is ongoing globally.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize findings from a PCa screening trial in younger men (age 45).
To contextualize these findings within broader PCa screening research.

Main Methods:

Non-systematic review of existing literature and trial data.
Analysis of screening outcomes in a cohort of 45-year-old men.

Main Results:

Screening at age 45 yielded a low PCa detection rate, but nearly 70% of detected cancers were clinically significant.
A baseline prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level at age 45 can potentially exclude most men from screening for at least 5 years.
Confirmatory PSA testing at age 45 halved the number of subsequent tests.
The utility of sequential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for elevated PSA in young men requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

PCa screening in younger men demands careful evaluation to prevent overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Clinically significant prostate cancer (ISUP GG 1) in young men necessitates rigorous follow-up.
Baseline PSA at age 45 shows promise for risk stratification and extended screening intervals.