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Tracking Ovine Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Development Using an Experimental Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus Infection

Chris Cousens1, James Meehan2, David Collie2

  • 1Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UK.

Genes
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new experimental model effectively replicates ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) in sheep, aiding research into Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) infection and disease progression. This model allows for monitoring OPA development and progression using imaging techniques.

Keywords:
animal modelscomputed tomographyovine pulmonary adenocarcinomaultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Animal Models
  • Retroviral Diseases

Background:

  • Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) is a significant infectious neoplastic lung disease in sheep.
  • Understanding OPA pathogenesis is crucial for developing control strategies.
  • Existing models for studying Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) infection and OPA progression are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an experimentally induced ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) model.
  • To establish a system for monitoring OPA development and progression post-JSRV infection.
  • To compare the efficacy of computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound for tracking OPA lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Bronchoscopic instillation of JSRV into the right cardiac lung lobe of sheep across low, intermediate, and high viral doses.
  • Monthly computed tomography (CT) and trans-thoracic ultrasound scanning for diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Post mortem examination and immunohistochemistry for OPA confirmation.

Main Results:

  • OPA was confirmed in 89% of JSRV-instilled sheep, with varied lesion types across viral doses.
  • 31% of infected sheep developed advanced localized lesions with a tumor volume doubling time of 14.8 ± 2.1 days.
  • CT and ultrasound showed a strong significant association (R² = 0.799, p < 0.0001) in tracking tumor development.

Conclusions:

  • The developed OPA model accurately replicates key aspects of naturally occurring disease.
  • This model provides a valuable tool for investigating JSRV infectivity and OPA pathogenesis.
  • The study validates the combined use of CT and ultrasound for monitoring OPA progression in sheep.