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  11. Aberrantly Expressed Trna-val Fragments Can Distinguish Canine Hepatocellular Carcinoma From Canine Hepatocellular Adenoma

Aberrantly Expressed tRNA-Val Fragments Can Distinguish Canine Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Canine Hepatocellular Adenoma

Saki Hashimoto1, M D Nazmul Hasan1, Mohammad Arif1

  • 1Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.

Genes
|August 29, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel biomarker, tRNA-Val, shows promise in distinguishing canine liver tumors. This tRNA-derived fragment was significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared to hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and healthy controls.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary oncology
  • Molecular diagnostics
  • Biomarker discovery

Background:

  • Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are challenging to differentiate, necessitating accurate diagnostic biomarkers.
  • Canine models offer translational potential due to similarities with human liver tumors.
  • tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), specifically tRNA-Val, are underexplored in canine hepatic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of tRNA-Val as a biomarker for canine HCA and HCC.
  • To analyze the expression patterns of tRNA-Val in tumor tissues, plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs), and cell lines.
  • To explore the functional roles and associated signaling pathways of tRNA-Val in canine liver cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure tRNA-Val expression.
Keywords:
canine hepatocellular adenomacanine hepatocellular carcinomatRNA-Val

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  • Clinical samples included tumor tissue, plasma EVs, and canine liver cell lines.
  • Bioinformatic analyses (Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) were performed.

    • Main Results:

    • tRNA-Val was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues and plasma EVs compared to HCA and healthy controls.
    • Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing HCC from healthy controls (AUC=1.00) and HCC from HCA (AUC=0.950).
    • Bioinformatics suggested tRNA-Val involvement in DNA repair, mRNA processing, splicing, and N-glycan/ubiquitin-mediated proteasome pathways.

    Conclusions:

    • tRNA-Val is a promising novel biomarker for differentiating canine HCC from HCA.
    • This study provides the first evidence of tRNA-Val expression and function in canine hepatic tumors.
    • Understanding tRNA-Val's role may advance canine HCC diagnostics and treatment strategies.