Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology
10:26

Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology

Published on: August 18, 2014

Roles of Ca2+ and Na+ on the modulation of antidiuretic hormone action on urea permeability in toad urinary bladder

M A Hardy, H M Ware

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Preparation and Utilization of Freshly Isolated Human Detrusor Smooth Muscle Cells for Characterization of 9-Phenanthrol-Sensitive Cation Currents08:30

    Preparation and Utilization of Freshly Isolated Human Detrusor Smooth Muscle Cells for Characterization of 9-Phenanthrol-Sensitive Cation Currents

    Published on: January 31, 2020

    Studying the Activity of Neuropeptides and Other Regulators of the Excretory System in the Adult Mosquito11:30

    Studying the Activity of Neuropeptides and Other Regulators of the Excretory System in the Adult Mosquito

    Published on: August 24, 2021

    Related Concept Videos

    Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Secretion01:15

    Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Secretion

    Once the process of glomerular filtration is completed, blood carrying unfiltered drug molecules traverses through efferent arterioles and makes its way into the peritubular capillaries in the proximal tubule. A variety of carriers play a pivotal role in actively secreting drugs from these peritubular capillaries into the tubular fluid. The organic anion transporter transfers acidic drugs, against an electrochemical gradient, from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule cells and...
    Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics01:16

    Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics

    Diuretics are antihypertensive drugs used to treat hypertension resulting from sodium and water retention. Sodium, vital for fluid balance and nerve or muscle function, is regulated by the kidneys through millions of nephrons. Blood enters nephrons via afferent arterioles, which branch into capillaries called glomeruli. These filter blood plasma, allowing water and solutes, like sodium ions, to pass through capillary walls into Bowman's capsule. The filtrate then flows through various tubules...
    Antihypertensive Drugs: Thiazide-Class Diuretics01:15

    Antihypertensive Drugs: Thiazide-Class Diuretics

    Thiazide diuretics are sulfonamide derivatives featuring a benzothiadiazine ring system in their molecular structure. Based on this structure, thiazide diuretics can be categorized into two groups: thiazide-type and thiazide-like diuretics. Thiazide-type diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide and chlorothiazide, consist of a benzothiadiazine backbone with an attached sulfonamide group. Thiazide-like diuretics, such as chlorthalidone and indapamide, lack the thiazide ring but demonstrate...
    Reabsorption and Secretion in the DCT and Collecting Duct01:26

    Reabsorption and Secretion in the DCT and Collecting Duct

    The early phase of the DCT manages the reabsorption of approximately 10-15% of filtered water, 5–10% of filtered sodium, and 5–10% of filtered chloride. This process is facilitated by Na+–Cl− symporters in apical membranes and sodium-potassium pumps, as well as Cl− leakage channels in basolateral membranes. The early DCT also stands out as a site where parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates calcium reabsorption, depending on the body's requirements.
    The distal part of the DCT, along with the...
    Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion01:22

    Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

    The kidneys maintain homeostasis through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Tubular reabsorption and secretion are crucial in forming urine and regulating electrolytes, water balance, and waste elimination.Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion ProcessesTubular reabsorption is the process that reclaims essential substances such as electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and water from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream. This is achieved through passive and active transport...
    Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution01:20

    Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution

    The kidneys concentrate or dilute urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. Nephrons, particularly the loop of Henle, play a crucial role in this process through the countercurrent multiplication system. This system establishes a high osmolarity in the renal medulla, which is essential for water reabsorption. In the loop of Henle’s descending limb, water is reabsorbed into the surrounding medulla due to its permeability to water. In contrast, the ascending limb actively transports...