Synchronous Breast and Colorectal Malignant Tumors-A Systematic Review.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Synchronous breast and colorectal tumors are infrequently encountered but present unique clinical challenges.
• Diagnosis typically occurs during investigations for an initial primary cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

• To delineate the diagnostic and therapeutic complexities associated with synchronous breast and colorectal malignancies.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature review was conducted from 1970 to 2023, adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
• Keywords included "synchronous breast and colon tumor" and synonyms.
• Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by five reviewers.

Main Results:

• Fifteen cases were analyzed, predominantly in females (13/15), with a median age of 60.
• Colorectal cancer preceded breast cancer in nine cases; breast cancer preceded colorectal in six.
• Invasive ductal carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were the most common histopathological types, respectively. Surgical intervention was indicated for both tumors in most cases, with concomitant or staged procedures observed.

Conclusions:

• Multidisciplinary Tumor Board (T.B.) consultation is essential for personalized treatment strategies in synchronous breast and colorectal cancers.
• Further research into novel diagnostic and therapeutic modalities is crucial for improving understanding and outcomes of these rare dual malignancies.